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Item Agenda Presented by the Bretton Woods Institutions and Food Security in South Asia(SAWTEE, 2001) Kelegama, SamanInstitutions like FAO focus mainly on global food security while various regional blocs focus on their regional food security. The Bretton Woods institutions focus on national food security, but the focus is mostly at the macro-level. The approach of Bretton Woods institutions in addressing the food security issues at the macro level is based very much on trade policy and finding market-based solutions in the rural economies. Little importance is given to the non-level playing field that exists in global agricultural trade and it is assumed that the comparative advantage doctrine determined by trade policy can ensure food security at the household level if other domestic distortions are removed. This chapter examines this line of argument in more detail.